India’s cockroach movement brought down a minister. Bringing real reform will be much harder

India's education minister, Dharmendra Pradhan, has resigned after weeks of youth-led protests over the country's exam system and job shortages. According to The Conversation, the movement adopted the cockroach as its symbol after India's chief justice allegedly used the term to describe jobless young people, and the unrest was ignited by the cancellation of a medical school entrance exam following a leaked-questions scandal. The piece notes these grievances trace back decades, rooted in an education system prone to leaks and teacher shortages, and an economy that never generated enough private-sector jobs to match its graduates. With the minister gone, The Conversation argues the movement's harder fight — over funding, job creation, and real reform — is really just beginning.

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